Blending sustainable design and technological innovation in North Asia

Source: Business Chief

Surbana Jurong’s motto ‘Building Cities, Shaping Lives’ is a meaningful one for North Asia CEO Michael Ng. He reveals how the firm’s unique approach – combining sustainable design, technological innovation and partnerships – makes it a standout force in the market. Click here to read more.

Surbana Jurong signs MOU with China Construction Bank to pursue infrastructure projects in China

The MOU was signed by Surbana Jurong GCEO Wong Heang Fine and China Construction Bank COO Mu Naimi.

Singapore, 14 September 2018 – China Construction Bank Corporation Singapore Branch (“CCBSB”) celebrated its 20th anniversary of establishment here in Singapore. The Group Chairman and Executive Director, Mr Tian Guoli, was in Singapore to celebrate this historic milestone.

CCBSB currently operates with a wholesale banking license and has around 80 employees in Singapore. Besides offering corporate banking and trade finance, investment banking, financial market and private banking services, the Branch also serves as a regional centre for six other countries including India, Pakistan, Brunei, Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia.

In conjunction with the Anniversary celebration, CCB also signed four Strategic Cooperation MOUs with Surbana Jurong Private Limited (Surbana Jurong), National University of Singapore, CITIC Envirotech Ltd and Credit Suisse (Singapore) Ltd respectively.

Mr Heng Swee Keat, Minister for Finance and His Excellency Mr Hong Xiaoyong, Chinese Ambassador in Singapore, graced the ceremony as Guest-of-Honours.

Surbana Jurong and CCB strategic cooperation

Mr Wong Heang Fine, Group CEO, Surbana Jurong signed the MOU with Mr Mu Naimi, Chief Operating Officer, China Construction Bank, witnessed by Mr Liew Mun Leong, Chairman, Surbana Jurong and Mr Tian Guoli, Chairman and Executive Director, CCB.

Under the MOU, CCB will actively partner with Surbana Jurong, one of the largest Asia-based urban and infrastructure consulting firms, to jointly develop business opportunities arising from the Belt and Road Initiative, and provide industry leading servicesto clients in the Asia-Pacific region on possible infrastructure construction projects.

Surbana Jurong will contribute its expertise in master planning and design, engineering, project development and management across the urban, industrial and infrastructure sectors. CCB will provide its deep experiences in providing financing solutions across a wide range of areas including public-private partnership projects, fixed asset, real estate development, housing lease, technical modification, as well as construction and development financing.

National University of Singapore and CCB strategic cooperation

Professor Andrew Wee, NUS Vice President (University and Global Relations), signed the cooperation agreement with Mr Mu Naimi, Chief Operating Officer, China Construction Bank, witnessed by NUS President Professor Tan Eng Chye, , and Mr Tian Guoli, Chairman and Executive Director, CCB.

Under the agreement, the parties will cooperate in the areas of professional training, research projects, academic exchange, curriculum development, sharing resources and cooperative teaching.

Citic Envirotech Ltd – CCB Singapore strategic cooperation

Mr Hao Weibao, Chairman and Group CEO, CITIC Envirotech Ltd, signed the MOU with Ms Ren Dongyan, General Manager, CCB Singapore Branch, witnessed by Mr Cai Xiliang, Deputy General Manager of CITIC Group and Mr Tian Guoli, Chairman and Executive Director, CCB.

Under the MOU, CCB Singapore will provide a full suite of financial services to Citic Envirotech in the region.

Credit Suisse (Singapore) Ltd – CCB Singapore strategic cooperation

Mr Benjamin Cavalli, CEO Singapore, Credit Suisse signed the MOU with Ms Ren Dongyan, General Manager, CCB Singapore Branch, witnessed by Mr Tian Guoli, Chairman and Executive Director, CCB.

Under the MOU, both parties will jointly identify areas of joint interest in the field of international private banking products and investment solutions.

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For media enquiries and/or event photos, please visit www.ccb.com.sg
________________________________________________________________________
About China Construction Bank Corporation

China Construction Bank Corporation (“CCB” or “the Bank”), headquartered in Beijing, is a leading large-scale joint stock commercial bank in Mainland China, and began operations in October 1954 as China Construction Bank. The Bank was listed on Hong Kong Stock Exchange in October 2005 (stock code: 939) and listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in September 2007 (stock code: 601939).

At the end of 2017, the Bank’s market value reached US$232.898 billion, ranking fifth among listed banks in the world. The Bank ranked second in the “Top 1000 World Banks” in 2017 in terms of total tier-one capital according to the UK magazine The Banker.

With 14,920 branches and sub-branches, CCB has 352,621 employees and provides services to millions of personal customers and corporate clients. It cooperates closely with the leading enterprises in strategic industries across the Chinese economy and provides services to a large number of high-end customers. CCB owns more than 200 overseas branches of all levels in 29 countries and regions around the world. The Group’s subsidiaries cover multiple business areas, such as mutual funds, financial leasing, trust, life insurance, property insurance, investment banking, futures and pension.

China Construction Bank Corporation, Singapore Branch commenced operations in March 1998 and was issued a wholesale banking licence by the MAS on 9 July 2010. It offers various financial services and products to Singapore companies as well as medium to large Chinese companies, in the areas of corporate banking, trade finance, financial markets, investment banking, private banking business and other financial services.

Visit www.ccb.com for more information.

Surbana Jurong inks smart city and township MOUs at Singapore-Guangdong Collaboration Council meet

Surbana Jurong Guangzhou mou smart lift monitoring Singapore-Guangdong collaboration council
GZSEI officials with Surbana Jurong’s Smart City Solutions Principal Consultant Raymond Seah (second from left), CEO International Teo Eng Cheong (second from right) and MD of Smart City Solutions, Poon Joe Keen (right), after signing the lift-monitoring agreement.

Smart lift monitoring agreement is part of Singapore-Guangdong Collaboration Council’s five-year plan

Surbana Jurong’s Smart City Solutions team has signed an extension of a smart lift monitoring project with Guangzhou Academy of Special Equipment Inspection (GZSEI) at the 9th Singapore-Guangdong Collaboration Council meeting on 24 August 2018.

The partnership is part of the Council’s five-year plan to support the Chinese province’s Smart City initiatives and focus on areas such as intellectual property protection. In China, the total number of lift installations and maintenance market size is estimated to reach 5.9 million units and S$9.7 billion respectively by 2020.This partnership between Surbana Jurong and GZSEI will help technology transformation and product service application as well as promote the development and application of elevator IoT platforms in China.”

This agreement is an extension to Smart City Solutions’ first lift monitoring project in Guangzhou city, where the team currently monitors and analyses up to 600 lifts in private estates and government buildings. In the next phase, the team will deploy these smart city solutions to escalators and elevators in Guangzhou Railway Station, Haizhu District and Zhongxin Guangzhou Knowledge City.

Surbana Jurong partners Ping An Trust to develop Industrial New Township projects in China

At the same occasion, Surbana Jurong signed MOUs with Ping An Trust to collaborate on the development of Industrial New Township projects in China, beginning with the Shenzhen International Bio-Valley Industrial Park.

The 31.9-sq-km Park, located in Shenzhen’s Dapeng New District, is slated to be a leading bio-tech innovation centre and industry cluster. Ping An Trust, a major integrated finance conglomerate in China known for its technology-powered financial services and investments capabilities, is a subsidiary of Ping An Insurance (Group).

Ping An Trust commented that “Shenzhen International Bio-Valley is one of the top 10 innovation platforms of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Corridor, identified by the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government… Being able to leverage Surbana Jurong’s globally best-in-class planning vision and architectural design capabilities, Ping An Group could make an effort in the development of Shenzhen’s global competency in bio-technology industries”.

More airports needed for improved global connectivity among BRI countries

World Transport Convention 2018 WTC BRITS
Mr Liew delivering the keynote address at the recent Belt and Road International Transport Symposium.

Many countries have under-appreciated and under-built airports, resulting in a deficit in airport infrastructure that is inadequate in meeting increasing passenger demand, particularly in Asia and in many BRI countries that will see some of the strongest growth in the next two decades.

Surbana Jurong Chairman Liew Mun Leong shared this and other views on airport infrastructure at a keynote address at the recent Belt and Road International Transport Symposium (BRITS), a key forum of the World Transport Convention (WTC) 2018 held in Beijing on 20 June. WTC 2018 was hosted by the China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), China’s Ministry of Transport (MOT) and Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), and organised by the China Highway and Transport Society (CHTS). The event, in its second year running, was well attended by over 5,000 officials, academics and executives involved in transport planning, engineering and technology.

In his speech titled “Airports – Crucial Infrastructure in Enhancing Global Connectivity Amongst BRI Countries”, Mr Liew shared his insights on the importance of airport infrastructure in enhancing connectivity and promoting economic progress. He highlighted the urgent need to build more airport infrastructure to cater to the booming air travel demand. In addition, he suggested that the contrarian economic principle of “Supply Driving Demand” was particularly relevant for the aviation industry due to the lengths of time required to plan, design and build an airport. Mr Liew also encouraged countries along the BRI to make use of the varied sources of infrastructure funding to expand their airport infrastructure, and engage private-sector partners with deep airport development expertise to help expand present airport capacities.

Surbana Jurong signs MOU with Zhejiang real-estate group to develop township in China

Zhejiang urban development in China MOU SZETC
Surbana Jurong was one of 14 companies which signed agreements at 13th Singapore-Zhejiang Economic and Trade Council (SZETC) meeting.

Surbana Jurong has signed an MOU with Zhejiang Communication Investment Real Estate Group to develop a new township as well as commercial and residential properties in China. Surbana Jurong’s Urban Planning & Design team will explore the development of the masterplan for the township and development management services for the project. The MOU was signed by North Asia CEO Michael Ng and Zhejiang Communication Investment Real Estate Group General Manager Dong Wei Guo, and reinforces Surbana Jurong’s commitment to participate in and contribute to the development of industrial cities in China.

Surbana Jurong was among 14 companies which signed agreements at the recent 13th Singapore-Zhejiang Economic and Trade Council (SZETC) meeting. The agreements were signed in the urban solutions, e-commerce, wholesale trade and logistics sectors, adding to the growing Singapore-Zhejiang collaboration. An Enterprise Singapore statement says these agreements “are in line with Zhejiang’s priorities in urban-rural development reforms, industrial upgrading, trade liberalisation and e-commerce to maintain its economic competitiveness”.

Surbana Jurong and Vanke sign MOU to jointly develop Industrial New Towns in China

Industrial New Towns
Vanke’s Jianzhou Dream Town will be first joint project by Surbana Jurong and Vanke.

Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China, 15 March 2018 – Surbana Jurong (SJ) and Vanke Industrial Town (Midwest) Co., Ltd. (Vanke), a unit of China Vanke Co., today signed an agreement to jointly develop Industrial New Towns in China.

Under this agreement, SJ and Vanke will jointly develop Industrial New Town projects in China’s Midwest regions. Industrial New Town is the latest people-centric urban development model in China that integrates industrial developments and urban living. The aim is to create sustainable cities for residents to live and work in.

The partnership brings together the partners’ complementary strengths to provide a one-stop complete value-chain solution in urban and industrial development. It combines SJ’s global expertise in planning, design and engineering consultancy in urban and industrial sectors, with Vanke’s experience in China’s real estate development and management. The first project that both parties will jointly undertake will be Vanke’s Jianzhou Dream Town in Chengdu, with SJ providing the design for the city.

China Vanke Co. is China’s leading real estate company and urban development service provider. It is listed on Hong Kong Stock Exchange and is also a Fortune Global 500 company. In October last year, Vanke signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement with the Chengdu Municipal People’s Government which will see the company invest RMB200 million in Industrial New Towns in eastern and southern Chengdu.

Mr Teo Eng Cheong, CEO International (Singapore, Southeast Asia and North Asia) of Surbana Jurong said, “Surbana Jurong is proud to partner Vanke in the sustainable long-term development of Chengdu. Designing sustainable cities that integrate work and play is a hallmark of Surbana Jurong and reflects our philosophy of ‘Building Cities, Shaping Lives’. With over fifty years of experience in urbanisation, industrialisation and infrastructure development in global projects, we are excited to work with Vanke in transforming Chengdu to a smart city for the people.”

Mr Wang Haiwu, Senior Vice President of China Vanke Co., Ltd. and Chief Executive of Midwest Region (王海武, 万科集团高级副总裁, 万科中西部区域本首席执行官) said, “As China’s leading developer and urban development service provider, Vanke is committed to develop the Midwest regions to bring about sustainable growth for the regional economy. Our mission here is to focus on developing the city, while supporting industries and the government (“聚焦城市, 助力产业, 服务政府”). Our partnership with Surbana Jurong is another big step towards people-focused development, and we will jointly advance Industrial New Town concepts that will be the benchmark of sustainable living.”

Further to this MOU, the partners will explore setting up a joint venture.

urban development service provider
Left to right: Shi Fei, General Manager of Vanke Industrial Town (Midwest) Co., Ltd., Wang Haiwu, Senior Vice President of China Vanke Co., Ltd. and Chief Executive of Midwest Region, Teo Eng Cheong, CEO International (Singapore, Southeast Asia and North Asia) of Surbana Jurong, and Michael Ng, CEO, North Asia of Surbana Jurong.

About Surbana Jurong Private Limited
Surbana Jurong Private Limited (SJ) is one of the largest Asia-based urban, industrial and infrastructure consulting firms. Leveraging technology and creativity, SJ provides one-stop consultancy solutions across the entire value chain of the urbanisation, industrialisation and infrastructure domains.

Headquartered in Singapore, the SJ Group has a global workforce of 13,500 employees in more than 120 offices across over 40 countries in Asia, Australia, UK, the Middle East, Africa and the Americas, and an annual turnover of around S$1.5 billion.

SJ has a track record of over 50 years, and has built more than a million homes in Singapore, crafted master plans for more than 30 countries and planned over 100 industrial parks globally.

SJ’s motto ‘Building Cities, Shaping Lives’ reflects its belief that development is more than just steel and concrete. SJ creates spaces and designs infrastructure where people live, work and play, shaping cities into homes with sustainable jobs where communities and businesses can flourish.

About China Vanke Co., Ltd.
China Vanke Co., Ltd. was established in 1984. After 30 years of development, it has become a leading real estate company and urban development service provider in China since it entered the housing market over thirty years ago in 1988. The Group centres on the three most vibrant economic circles nationwide and hub cities in Midwest China. In July 2016, the Group was first listed on Fortune Global 500, ranking 356th. In 2017, the Group ranked 307th.

The Group strategically positions itself as an “integrated urban development service provider”, and upholds the vision of “building quality housing for ordinary people and building housing acceptable for occupation”. The Company adhered to two main development policies of synchronous development with the municipalities and its customers. The core business of the Group includes property development and property service. In recent years, the Group is focused on the position of “integrated urban development service provider”, actively explores expansion in business layout and has stepped into the commercial property, logistics property, long-term rental apartments, skiing business, pension and education businesses on the basis of consolidation of core business advantages.

For media enquiries, please contact:

Surbana Jurong
Jackie Yu
Director, Group Communications
M: +65 9688-4269
E: Jackie.YuWC@surbanajurong.com

Gongqing win for Surbana Jurong in China

Gongqing
Surbana Jurong and Sino-Sun, member of the Surbana Jurong Group, are collaborating on the master planning and architectural design of the township in Jiangxi, China.

Gongqing town was a country town brimming with potential. Situated close to Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi province, it was re-zoned for urban development, and recently, Surbana Jurong and Sino-Sun, member of the Surbana Jurong Group, jointly embarked on architectural design for the township, fulfilling the local government’s wish to create an integrated, mixed-use development there.

Last year, the team won the project to conduct the master planning for the 48ha greenfield project there, with a total GFA estimated at 1.2 million sqm. The plan revolves around a 3km-long looped garden that winds through high- and low-rise residential blocks, commercial buildings, an international school, and healthcare and recreational facilities.

By linking the sub-plots and functions together with this green pathway, a “walkable” and vibrant town is born. Jiangxi province, in southeast China, is also home to the Jiujiang port city and Jingdezhen, China’s famous home of porcelain-making.

The project is expected to be completed in Q3 2019.

Surbana Jurong wins landscape architecture award for project in China

Ju River Wetland ecological park
Existing ponds and wetlands are preserved in SJ’s design to allow visitors to experience the original Ju River environment.

Surbana Jurong (SJ) has been recognised for its exemplary landscape design work at the IFLA Asia-Pac Landscape Architecture Awards 2017. The team earned an Honourable Mention for its landscape master planning work for the “12km Han Cheng Riverfront with 700Ha Theme Park” project in ShaanXi, China. It is the first cultural-tourism project undertaken by SJ.

IFLA Asia-Pac Landscape Architecture Awards 2017
Oliver (right) receiving the award in Bangkok from Pongsak Laomanacharoen, President of the Thai Association of Landscape Architects.

The project team, led by Oliver Ng, Deputy Director of Landscape Planning and Design, had to overcome many challenges to meet project requirements, chief of which is to have a sustainable development that can transform the city’s economy and reduce its reliance on agriculture while preserving the local culture. The team’s winning proposal centres on an innovative Integrated Hub that will connect visitors to a community and sports hub, an agriculture and exposition park, and the Ju River Wetland ecological park. Special care was taken to protect the rich heritage of the historic city while enhancing its surrounding geography and biodiversity along the 12km riverfront.

This includes creating buffer zones and using softscape materials to form a cohesive landscape. The design also features an integrated storm water management and cleansing system which will help cleanse and retain water at the site for future use, especially when the city faces water shortages during the summer.

IE Singapore facilitates partnership between SJ and 2 SMEs for 1st lift monitoring project in Guangzhou

SJ’s lift monitoring system in action

Singapore, 2 November 2017 – International Enterprise (IE) Singapore has successfully facilitated a partnership between Surbana Jurong (SJ) and two SMEs, iFocus Pte Ltd (a hardware company) and S3 Innovate Pte Ltd (a data visualisation company) to clinch their first lift monitoring project in Guangzhou city. This marks the two SMEs’ first overseas expansion. The project will comprise 100 sensors installed to monitor and analyse up to 600 lifts in private estates and government buildings in Guangzhou.

IE Singapore connected iFocus and S3 Innovate to SJ, enabling SJ to provide a comprehensive solution for lift monitoring. The project utilises SJ’s Smart City in a Box™[1], a platform integrating multiple smart city solutions. The platform enables customisable applications on a unified dashboard for officials and developers to monitor developments in a city through data collation and analysis for effective solutioning. SJ’s Smart City in a Box™ serves as the platform while iFocus and S3 Innovate provide hardware (sensors) for lift monitoring and user-friendly data visualisation respectively. (See Annex for more details on Smart City in a Box™)

In China, the total number of lift installation and maintenance market size is estimated to reach 5.9 million units and S$9.7 billion by 2020[2] SJ worked with IE Singapore on its overseas growth strategy for smart cities, starting in Guangzhou. Both identified SJ’s established in-house solution in lift monitoring, analytics and testing as the first product to launch, given its track record of monitoring 25,000 lifts across multiple brands in Singapore. iFocus and S3 Innovate while having a keen interest in overseas markets lacked track record and connections.

Said Ms Kathy Lai, Deputy CEO, IE Singapore, “It is very difficult for SMEs to break into an overseas market for the first time. This collaboration enables all three companies to leverage one another’s strengths collectively. iFocus and S3 Innovate benefit from SJ’s in-market reach to capture overseas customers, while SJ tapped into their niche solutions, completing their offerings.”

Said Mr Wong Heang Fine, Group CEO, SJ, “Surbana Jurong has over 30 years of experience in managing Singapore’s public housing estates. Our proprietary platform and solution, customised with our partners’ solutions, provide estate managers and city officials an effective way to manage and maintain the lifts. Beyond lift monitoring, Smart City in a Box™ also provides solutions for other aspects of city management. We hope this project provides a springboard into the bigger China market.”

Mr Nicholas Soon, Director, S3 Innovate, shared, “S3 Innovate is pleased to work with SJ and IE Singapore on our first foray to China. The collaboration with a home-grown MNC like SJ enables us to leverage each other’s capabilities and we hope to deliver this solution to other cities in the world.”

SJ is now actively seeking to scale up its Smart City in a Box™ overseas. To support this, IE Singapore is partnering SJ to strengthen their manpower capabilities in project management and business development. SJ plans to work with the two SMEs on more projects. SJ is in discussions to bring Smart City in a Box™ solutions to more cities across China.

For media enquiries, please contact:

IE Singapore
Ms Foo Xiao Xuan, Manager, Media Division, Corporate Communications Group
DID      : (+65) 6433 4400
Email    : foo_xiao_xuan@iesingapore.gov.sg

Surbana Jurong
Ms Jackie Yu, Director, Group Communications
Tel       : (+65) 6839 7326
Email    : Jackie.yuwc@surbanajurong.com

About International Enterprise Singapore

IE Singapore is the government agency that promotes international trade and partners Singapore companies to go global.

We attract and anchor global trading companies in Singapore by promoting our unique advantages as a global trading hub. Today, Singapore is home to a complete ecosystem for the energy, agri-commodities and metals & minerals trading clusters.

Through our network of over 35 overseas centres and comprehensive assistance programmes, we partner Singapore companies to strengthen their global competitiveness.

IE Singapore will merge with SPRING Singapore to form Enterprise Singapore in Q2 2018. Enterprise Singapore will enable the growth of Singapore companies through an integrated support network to build business capabilities and access overseas markets.

Visit www.iesingapore.gov.sg for more information.

About Surbana Jurong Private Limited

Surbana Jurong Private Limited (SJ) is one of the largest Asia-based urban, industrial and infrastructure consulting firms. Leveraging technology and creativity, SJ provides one-stop consultancy solutions across the entire value chain of the urbanisation, industrialisation and infrastructure domains.

Headquartered in Singapore, the SJ Group has a global workforce of 13,000 employees in 113 offices across 44 countries in Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Africa and the Americas, and an annual turnover of around S$1.3 billion.

SJ has a track record of over 50 years, and has built over a million homes in Singapore, crafted master plans for more than 30 countries and developed over 50 industrial parks globally.

SJ’s motto ‘Building Cities, Shaping Lives’ reflects its belief that development is more than just steel and concrete. SJ creates spaces and designs infrastructure where people live, work and play, shaping cities into homes with sustainable jobs where communities and businesses can flourish.

Visit www.surbanajurong.com for more information.

ANNEX

Smart City in a Box™ (Full press release – here)

  • Dubbed ‘Smart City in a Box™’, it is an integrated set of solutions with a dashboard that allows city officials to load customisable applications (Apps) in four key areas – security, efficiency, sustainability and community, enabling them to track, monitor and manage cities better
  • Smart City in a Box™ launched in July 2016 with eight modules
  • Some of the Apps provided in the first batch include:
  1. Sustainability: energy saving e.g. smart lighting, energy usage monitoring
  2. Security: facial recognition technology, water quality monitoring, smart lock, fire and smoke detection
  3. People: feedback and engagement
  4. Efficiency: asset upkeep and maintenance
  • Working with Surbana Jurong’s city planners, customers can choose to deploy the relevant Apps from this set of solutions.
  • A survey conducted in July 2016 by Surbana Jurong amongst city leaders on Smart City readiness in conjunction with the World City Summit, revealed that over two thirds of city leaders listed that they are reliant on other cities for water and a quarter are also reliant on other cities for ICT services.
  • The Smart City in a Box™ aims to address the need for a coherent and standardised set of technology solutions to manage city operations.
  • Surbana Jurong’s integrated smart city solutions were developed from over 30 years of experience deploying its proprietary Integrated Estate Management System (IEMS) in Singapore’s public housing estates. The IEMS helps to monitor, relay, and analyse information to facilitate estate management.

[1] Launched in July 2016
[2] China Elevator Association, 2016

Surbana Jurong inks MOU and master plan contract with Wuzhou Port Economic Zone

wuzhou port economic zone masterplanning China

Surbana Jurong has clinched a contract this month to provide detailed control master planning consultancy services for the 23.5sqkm Wuzhou Port Economic Zone Start-up Area.

The project team, led by Ms Mao Whey Ying (Deputy CEO, International), travelled to Wuzhou City from 18-20 April 2016. Ms Mao signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Wuzhou Port Economic Zone to enhance collaboration in various sectors such as park management, investment attraction strategies, and training opportunities.

Surbana Jurong will partner Guangxi Hualan Planning & Design Institute for the regulatory plan submission. This is a downstream project following the consultancy services for the conceptual master plan of the 61sqkm Wuzhou Port Economic Zone secured in Dec 2014.